Major and Minor Pregnancy Complications

The first news of pregnancy brings joy and excitement to couples and their families who are ready to welcome a new member. This is a time when a woman can go through a rollercoaster of emotions. One moment she will be happy; the other she might break down. Another feeling that she might go through is that of fear and uncertainty. A routine visit to the doctor will allow you to brush your worries aside and get expert advice.

It is also important to be aware of the risks and complications of pregnancy that are quite common among women in Bangladesh. In this article, we will discuss both the major and minor pregnancy complications.

1. Gestational Diabetes: A woman who did not have diabetes in the past may have a rise in her blood sugar level during pregnancy. This is known as gestational diabetes. It is more common in the second or third trimester and happens when the body is unable to produce insulin. One of the risks of gestational diabetes is the baby growing larger than usual. This may increase the risk of having a cesarean section. However, early detection and proper medical care can reduce risks. Gestational diabetes usually goes away after giving birth. 
2. High blood pressure: High blood pressure during pregnancy is not dangerous if it is treated with care. But if not, it can result in serious health complications for both the mother and the child. High blood pressure during pregnancy can be caused by obesity, smoking, drinking or having a family history of pregnancy related hypertension.
3. Anemia: Anemia is a condition when one’s blood does not have enough red blood cells to carry oxygen to the tissues and the baby. It is normal to have mild anemia during pregnancy, but it can get severe when untreated. In this case, one must strictly follow the diet and medication prescribed by the doctor.

Fetal Problems

1. Ectopic Pregnancy: Ectopic pregnancy is an extreme case  where the embryo attaches itself outside the uterus. The cause is unknown and the condition requires emergency treatment. 
2. Miscarriage: According to Planned Parenthood, ‘Miscarriage is when an embryo or fetus dies before the 20th week of pregnancy.’ 10-20% of pregnancies end with miscarriage, and it can be emotionally difficult for both the parents. Miscarriage can be caused by genetic factors, infection and certain illnesses. Repeated miscarriages may signal infertility. 

Being aware about complications during pregnancy allows one to be ready, and visit the doctor on time for further medications and treatment.

Source:

• https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/gestational-diabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20355339
• https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/pregnancy/miscarriage